95-95-95 okuhlosiwe
Okuhlosiwe emhlabeni jikelele - ngo-2025, i-95% yabantu abale-HIV kufanele babe sebesazi isimo sabo, i-95% yabantu abale-HIV abazaziyo izimo zabo kufanele babe bephuza imithi kanye le-95% yabantu abale-HIV abathola ukwelatshwa kufanele bacindezeleke igcikwane.
Ababili abalesimo esitshiyeneyo
Nxa umuntu oyedwa ebudlelwaneni ele-HIV kanti omunye engelayo i-HIV kubizwa ngokuthi i-serodiscordant, serodifferent, noma isimo esihlangeneyo.
Abesilisa labesifazane
Umuntu okhangwa ngokocansi kwabesilisa labesifazane .
Akubonakali (viral load)
Lapho izinga le-HIV egazini lomuntu liphansi okokuthi alikwazi ukubonakala ngokuhlolwa kwegazi umthamo wegcikwane egazini ubizwa ngokuthi awubonakali. I-HIV ayikwazi ukudluliselwa ngumuntu olenani legcikwane egazini elingabonakali.
Ama-antibiotics
Leyi mithi (efana le-penicillin) ebhubhisa noma ekhawulela ukukhula kwamagcikwane ayingozi emzimbeni.
Amagcikwane
Izinto eziphilayo ezincane kakhulu ezitholakala yonke indawo futhi ezingadala izifo.
Amasosha omzimba
Amasotsha omzimba achaza zonke izitho, amaseli kanye lezicubu zomzimba ezisebenza ndawonye ukuvikela umuntu ekuguleni lasekuthelelekeni.
I - Window piriyodhi
Isikhathi esisithathayo phakathi kokutheleleka nge-HIV lokuthi ibonakale ekuhlolweni. Isikhathi sewindi singafika ezinyangeni ezinthathu kusiya ngohlobo lokuhlola.
I Negative engasiyo
Uma umuntu ele-HIV kodwa ethola umphumela wokuhlolwa ukuthi akanalo. Lokhu kungenzeka ekuqaleni kakhulu kokugula lapho igciwane lingelakho ukutholwa ngokuhlolwa.
I-AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)
I-AIDS iqoqo lezimpawu lezifo ezenzeka lapho amasotsha akho omzimba alinyazwa kakhulu yi-HIV.Â
I-Antigen
I-antigen into eyingozi eyenza amasotsha omzimba aphendule (ukulwa lesifo / ukutheleleka). Amagcikwane kanye lamabhakhitiriya kokubili kuyizibonelo zama-antigen.
I-CD4 seli
Igciwane leHIV lihlasela amasotsha omzimba (noma ama-T-helper cell) bese lisebenzisa la maseli ukwenza amakhophi amatsha awo. I-HIV ilimaza futhi iwabhubhise la maseli e-CD4, yenze amasotsha omzimba abe buthaka.
I-Chlamydia
I-Chlamydia isifo esithathelwana ngocansi esibangelwa yibhakhitiriya. Idlulela kalula futhi ayihlali ilezimpawu. Ingelatshwa ngama-antibiotics.
I-DNA
I-DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) yinto etholakala phose kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo, ephethe imiyalelo yamajini. I-HIV igcina ulwazi lwayo lwamajini ngokuhlukile, kodwa isasebenzisa i-DNA ukuze yenze amakhophi ayo.
I-DTG / Dolutegravir
Dolutegravir (DTG) ngumuthi omutsha osetshenziswa ukwelapha i-HIV. Kubantu abanengi, kungenye yemithi emithathu abelulekwa ukuba bayiphuze lapho beqala ukwelatshwa i-HIV.
I-HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)
I-HIVÂ yigciwane elilimaza amaseli amasotsha akho omzimba. Uma iyekelwa ingelatshwanga i-HIV ingacina sisiba lezimpawu lezifo ezichaza iAIDS.
I-HPV (i-papillomavirus yabantu)
I-Human papillomavirus (HPV) igama leqembu lamagcikwane angasakazwa ngocansi. Akubangeli udubo kubantu abanengi kodwa ezinye zingabangela izinsumpa emzimbeni noma imvukuzane yomlomo wesibeletho.
I-Hepatitis B
Igciwane elitholakala egazini, isidoda noma amanzi lwesitho sowesifazane olungalimaza isibindi. Ingatheleleka ngocansi olungavikelekile noma ngokuhlanganyela izinaliti. Ukwelatshwa kuyadingeka nxa ukutheleleka kuba nzima.
I-Hepatitis C (HCV)
I-Hepatitis C yigciwane elitholakala egazini, elisakazwa ngezinaliti zokwabelana noma amasirinji, futhi ngokuvamile kancane ngocansi olungavikelekile. Uma ukutheleleka kuba nzima kakhulu kuyadingeka ukwelatshwa ukuvimbela ukulimala kwesibindi.
I-Hepisi
I-Herpes yisifo esithathelwana ngocansi esidala izilonda / amabhamuza ngokuvamile emlonyeni noma ezithweni . Izilonda zivame ukuphola ngokuphangisa kodwa kungela kwelatshwa. Igcikwane lihlala emzimbeni kanti ezinye izifo zingenzeka.
I-Integrase inhibitors
I-Integrase inhibitors iluhlobo lomuthi olwa le-HIV oluthathwa ukuvimba i-HIV ukuthi ingangeni phakathi kweseli futhi iyilawule.
I-Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI)
Ama-NNRTI wuhlobo lomuthi olwa ne-HIV oluthathwa ukuvimba i-HIV ukuthi ingangeni phakathi neseli futhi iyilawule.
I-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI)
Ama-NRTI wuhlobo lomuthi olwa ne-HIV oluthathwa ukuvimba i-HIV ukuthi ingangeni phakathi neseli futhi iyilawule.
I-PEP
I-Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) ukwelashwa kwe-HIV okuphuthumayo. Uma kuthathwa kungakapheli amahora angama-72 wokuchayeka ku-HIV (isibonelo ngemva kokuya ocansini ngaphandle kwekhondomu) kungavimbela ukutheleleka nge-HIV.
I-PMTCT
Noma yikuphi ukungenelela okwenziwa ukuze kunqandwe igciwane le-HIV lisuka kowesifazane liye enganeni yakhe ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, ezalwa noma encelisa kwaziwa ngokuthi ukuvimbela ukudluliselwa kwegciwane kusuka kumama liye enganeni noma i-PMTCT.
I-Positive engasiyo
Uma umuntu engelayo i-HIV kodwa ethola imphumela yokuhlolelwa ukuthi ule-HIV. Wonke umuntu olemphumela yokuhlola kufanele enze ukuhlolwa kwesibili ukuze kuqinisekiswe .
I-PrEP
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)Â iphilisi okuthi uma liphuzwa njalo nangendlela efanele likuvimbele ukuthi uthole i-HIV, ngisho noma ungayisebenzisi ikhondomu.
I-Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor
Uhlobo lomuthi olwa ne-HIV oluvimba i-HIV ukuthi ingangeni maphakathi neseli. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili, i-nucleoside kanye ne-non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI kanye ne-NNRTI).
I-Seroconversion
I-HIV seroconversion kwenzeka lapho ukutheleleka nge-HIV sekubambene emzimbeni kwanda ngokuphangisa, futhi amasotsha omzimba asabela ngokukhiqiza amatsosha omzimba ukuze ahlasele igcikwane.
I-Specculum
Ithuluzi lezokwelapha elifakwa engxenyeni encane yomzimba ukuze livuleke ukuze lihlolwe. I-speculum ifakwa esithweni sangasese ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho ukuze kuvunyelwe ukufinyelela emlonyeni wesibeletho.
I-Syphilis
Isifo esithathelwana ngocansi esidala amabhamuza esithweni sangasese, ianus lomlomo. Ingelatshwa kalula nxa ibanjwe kuselesikhathi kodwa ingabangela umonakalo omkhulu nxa ingelatshwanga.
I-TB engazweli emithini eminengi
Nxa umuntu elesifo sofuba (TB) esingasabeli emithini edlula owodwa kuthiwa yi-multi-drug resistant. Esimeni esinjalo, kungaba nzima ukuthola ukwelatshwa okusebenzayo.
I-Transgender
Umuntu okhomba njengonobulili obuhlukile kulobo abelwe bona ngesikhathi ezalwa njengokuti umuntu owazalwa enguwesifazane kodwa ebonakala eyindoda.
I-World Health Organization
I-World Health Organisation (i-WHO) yinhlangano ehlanganisa inhlangothi ezivela emhlabeni wonke ukuze banikeze ukuqondisa ezindabeni zezempilo.
I-antibody
Ama-antibody ahlasela futhi abulale noma yimaphi amagciwane ayingozi noma amagciwane angenile emzimbeni. Ayingxenye ebalulekile yamasotsha omzimba.
I-folic acid
Ivithamini edingwa ngomzimba ukuze ulungise amaseli egazi abomvu. Ingatholakala ezithelweni lasemibhidha. Abanye abantu, kuhlanganisa abesifazane abakhulelwe kungadingeka banathe ama supplements .
I-gonorrhea
I-gonorrhoea yisifo esithathelwana ngocansi esibangelwa ngamagcikwane. Idlulela kalula futhi ayihlali ilezimpawu. Ingelatshwa futhi ingaqedwa ngama-antibiotics.
I-protease inhibitor
I-Protease Inhibitors (PIs) iwuhlobo lomuthi olwa ne-HIV othathwa ukuvimba igciwane le-HIV ukuthi lingangeni kumaseli amasha.
I-subtype (ye-HIV)
Igciwane leHIV liye lashintsha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke imihlobo ehlukeneyo ye-HIV sikhona. Kungadingwa ukuhlolwa okuhlukile ukuze bakhombe noma izinhlanganisela ezahlukeneyo ze-ART ukuze belaphe.
I-thrush
Isifo esingabangela ukucasuka esithweni sowesifazane loma sowesilisa kanye nokuphuma okumhlophe. I-oral thrush ithinta umlomo futhi ivame kakhulu kubantu abaphila le-HIV. Kulula ukuyelapha kodwa kungaphinda kwenzeke.
IUD
Idivayisi ye-intrauterine (IUD), noma ikhoyili, iluhlobo lokuvimbela inzalo. Ipulasitiki noma insimbi encane efakwa esibelethweni sowesifazane ukuze kunqandwe ukuthi akhulelwe.
Igcikwane
Into ephilayo encane engabangela ukugula ingangena emzimbeni womuntu.
Ihomoni
Ikhemikhali evamise ukwenzeka ngokwemvelo emzimbeni. Amahomoni athinta indlela umzimba womuntu okhula ngayo.
Imalalia
Isifo esiyingozi ongasithola ngokulunywa yimiyane. Kungabangela emkhuhlaneni lasekufeni nxa kungelatshwanga.
Imithi ejwayelekile
Imithi engenziwa inoma iyiphi inkampani. Ivamise ukuthengiswa ngentengo ephansi kulemithi elamagama amakhulu, kodwa isebenza ngendlela efanayo.
Imithi ephakamisayo
Imithi ekhuthazayo impilakahke (okuhlanganisa i-ritonavir ne-cobicistat) isetshenziselwa ukwenza eminye imithi elwa nge-HIV isebenze ngempumelelo.
Impilo yengqondo
Isimo sonke somqondo womuntu. Igama elithi impilo yengqondo lingasetshenziswa ukuchaza ukuthi umuntu u lesifo sengqondo noma cha noma ukuthi uzizwa kanjani, njengkuthi ujabulile noma udanile.
Imvukuzane
Isifo esiyingozi lapho amaseli emzimbeni aphindaphindeka ngokuphangisa kulokujwayelekile. Kungenzeka ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zomzimba ezifana lamaphaphu, ivele, amathumbu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kubangela ukufa.
Imvumo
Uma uvuma ukuthi into ethile uvumelana layo ukuthi yenzeke. Umuntu kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi anikeze imvumo yakhe yokuya emacansini, ngaso sonke isikhathi, kungela kungcindezelwa.
Iphilisi lokuvimbela inzalo
Ithebhulethi ethathwa nsuku zonke, kwesinye isikhathi eyaziwa ngokuthi iphilisi. Ivimbela owesifazane ukuthi azithwele ngokumvimba ekukhiqizeni amaqanda.
Isibalo se-CD4
Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa inani lamasotsha omzimba amaCD4 Cells. Amaseli e-CD4 ahlaselwa yigciwane le-HIV. Ukubalwa okuphezulu kukhombisa ukuthi amasotsha omzimba alamandla.
Isibindi
Isitho esikhulu emzimbeni esilomusebenzi obalulekileyo ohlanganisa ukuhlanza igazi, ukwenza kanye lokugcina amafutha lokudala amajusi okugaya ukudla.
Isifo esingapheliyo
Ukutheleleka okubi kakhulu futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside. I-HIV isifo esingelapheki esingalawuleka ngemithi.
Isifo senhliziyo
Noma yisiphi isimo sezempilo esithinta inhliziyo.
Isifo setshukela
Isimo sempilo yonke lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukulawula inani yetshukela egazini. Ngokuvamile kulawulwa ngokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca kodwa eminye imihlobo yesifo setshukela idinga amajekiseni noma imithi ukuze ilawuleke.
Isifo sofuba
Isifo sofuba (TB) yisifo esivame ukuphatha amaphaphu kodwa singahlasela lezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Singelatshwa futhi siqedwe ngemithi.
Isistimu wezinzwa
Isistimu yezinzwa ihlanganisa ubuchopho kanye layo yonke imizwa ethumela imilayezo emzimbeni wonke.
Izidakamizwa (zokuzijabulisa)
Izidakamizwa zokuzilibazisa ziyizinto ezisemthethweni lezingekho emthethweni ezithathwa ngabantu ngezizatho zomphakathi hayi ezokwelatshwa, langaphandle kokukhangelwa ngodokothela.
Izifo Ezingathathelwana (NCD)
Izifo ezingathathelaniyo (NCDs) aziakho ukudluliselwa komunye umuntu, eg isifo senhliziyo.
Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi
Izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs) izifo ezidluliselwa ngocansi. Zihlanganisa i-chlamydia, i-gonorrhoea, i-herpes kanye ne-syphilis.
Izinga lokunakekela
Isiqondiso esichaza uhlobo lokunakekelwa okufanele kunikezwe isiguli esimeni esithile.
Izinyathelo zokwelatshwa
Uhlelo lokwelatshwa kwe-HIV luveza izinyathelo umuntu adlula kuzo ekunakekelweni kwakhe kusukela etholakala ukuthi ule-HIV ekuqaleni kusiya ekwelatshweni okusebenzayo.
Izitabane/izitabane
Umuntu okhangwa abantu bobulili obufanayo njengokuthi indoda ekhangwa amadoda.
Izixhumanisi (ukunakekela)
Izixhumanisi ezihlanganisa abantu ngokunakekelwa abakudingayo.
Okungajwayelekanga
Abantu abaningi be-LGBTQ+ basebenzisa i-queer njengendlela yokuchaza noma yikuphi ubulili ngaphandle kokudinga ilebula ethile.
Owesifazane othandana abesifazane
Owesifazane okhangwa abanye besifazane ngocansi.
T-cell
Ama-T-cell ngamaseli egazi alwa ngokutheleleka. Amaseli e-CD4 aluhlobo lwe-T-cell oluhlaselwa yigciwane le-HIV.
Ubulili obutshiyeneyo
Umuntu okhangwa ngokocansi ngabantu bobulili obuhlukileyo.njengokuthi owesifazane okhangwa amadoda.
Uhudo
Isifo esidala isihudo esamanzi. Abantu abalesifo sohudo badinga ukunatha okunathwayo okunengi ukuze kuthathe indawo yalokho okulahlekileyo.
Ukuba lesifo esisodwa noma ukudlula,
Ukuba lesifo esisodwa noma phezulu, isifo noma isimo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukubambelela
Ukunatha imithi ye-HIV njengoba ulayelwe yisisebenzi sezempilakahle (okuhlanganisa isikhathi sosuku, izikhathi ezinengi, ngokudla noma kungela kudla).Â
Ukubulala izinzwa
I-Anaesthtic yisidakamizwa esisetshenziselwa ukuvimba umuntu ukuthi angezwa ubuhlungu. Ngokuvamile kunikezwa njengejekiseni yamanzi noma njengegasi yophefumula ngemaski.
Ukucathamela
Isenzo sokuqhubeka nokulandela noma ukubuka umuntu othile. Kuyicala emazweni amaningi futhi kuwuhlobo lokuhlukumeza.
Ukucindezeleka
Ukucindezeleka yikugula okuthinta ingqondo. Nxa umuntu ecindezelekile uzizwa edabukile isikhathi esinengi futhi aswele ithemba ngekusasa.
Ukudalwa kwesidingo
Ukukhulisa inani labantu abafuna ukufinyelela insizakalo, noma abafuna ukuba lemphumela ethile .
Ukudinga abanye emulini
Uma umuntu ole-HIV elamalunga omndeni angahlolwanga lawo abizwa ngokuthi 'i-index cases'. Ukuthola laba bantu kubadinga ukuze bahlolelwe i-HIV.
Ukufakelwa okuvimbela inzalo
Yinsimbi eyodwa noma ezimbili ezincane zifakwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba engalweni yowesifazane. Akhulula amahomoni ukuze amise ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda futhi avimbele ukuzithwala.
Ukugcinwa ekunakekelweni
Inqubo lapho umuntu ophila ne-HIV esekelwa khona ukuze aqhubeke nokuthola ukwelashwa nokunakekelwa akudingayo.
Ukugogeka
Ukugogeka yisimo sengqondo noma somzimba esingenza imisebenzi ethile ibe nzima ukuthi umuntu ayenze. Izimo zengqondo ezingezinhle ngokugogeka zenza impilo ibe nzima kakhulu kubantu abaphila ngokugogeka.
Ukuhlangana emacansini kwabantu abaleminyaka etshiyeneyo
Ucansi oluphakathi kwabantu ababili abatshiyene ngeminyaka engu-5 noma ngaphezulu lubizwa ngokuthi intergenerational sex . Leli gama livame ukusetshenziswa ukuchaza intombazane encane eya emacansini lendoda endala.
Ukuhlinzwa ubeletha
Ukuhlinzwa (noma i-caesarean section) ukuhlinzwa lapho umntwana ezalwa ngokukhitshwa lapho okusikiweyo esiswini sowesifazane.
Ukuhlola futhi lokuyelapha
Ukuhlola lokwelapha kuyinqubo lapho bonke abantu abatholakala bele-HIV benikezwa ukwelatshwa ngokuphangisa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukutheleleka kwabo kuqhubeke kangakanani noma balenoma yiziphi izimpawu.
Ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho (ukuhlolwa kwe-smear)
Ukuhlolwa lapho i-swab ithathwa emlonyeni wesibeletho sowesifazane (emlonyeni wesibeletho sakhe) ukuze kubhekwe izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izifo. Ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubona ukukhula kwamangqamuzana okungavamile okuhlobene lokutheleleka nge-HPV kanye lokukhula kwemvukuzane womlomo wesibeletho.
Ukuhlolwa kwengane kuselesikhathi (EID)
Lapho owesifazane ophila le-HIV ebeletha, ingane yakhe kufanele ihlolwe i-HIV phakathi kwezinyanga ezimbili zokuqala zokuphila kwayo futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 noma ekupheleni kokumunyisa (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kwenzekani kamuva). Lokhu yikuhlolwa Komntwana Kokuqala (EID).
Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa endaweni yezempilakahle
Esikhundleni sokuthumela amasampula egazi elabhorethri, imishini yokunakekela ihlinzeka ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa ngokushesha esikhungweni sezempilo. Angasetshenziselwa ukuhlola umthamo wegciwane egazini kanye nokuhlolelwa i-HIV.
Ukuhlukumeza
Ukuphatha umuntu ngendlela elolunya noma elodlame, ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo, njengokuthi ebudlelwaneni.
Ukuhlukumezwa
Ukuziphatha okungafunwa okwesabisayo, okucaphulayo noma okudanisayo othile. Ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi kungahlanganisa ukuthintana ngokomzimba noma ngokocansi okungafunwa.
Ukukhathazeka
Imizwa yokwesaba, ukukhathazeka noma ukwethuka. I-Anxiety disorder ibonakala ngezimpawu zokukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukwethuka. Kuyinto umsebenzi wezempilo angakusiza ngakho.
Ukulimazwa kwe-Neural tube
Inkinga ethinta ubuchopho noma umgogodla lapho ingane ingakakhuli ngokugcweleyo esibelethweni, eg. i-spina bifida.
Ukumisa igcikwane
Ngezinye izikhathi kwaziwa ngokuthi ama-fusion inhibitors, lolu hlobo lomuthi lusetshenziselwa ukuvimba igcikwane ukuthi lizinamathisele kumaseli asemzimbeni.
Ukunakekelwa okuhlukile
Ukunakekelwa okuhlukile kuyindlela lapho ukunakekelwa kunikezwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo evumelana lezidingo ezahlukahlukene zabantu abahlukahlukene.
Ukungamukelwi
Umuzwa wokungamukeleki noma amahloni wokuthi uxhumeke ngokungafanele. Abantu abaphila le-HIV bavame ukubandlululwa .
Ukungazweli kwemithi ye-HIV
Nxa umuntu olegcikwane leHIV engasazweli emuthini uba lokungazweli kulowo muthi. Lokhu kungenzeka nxa bengayiphuzi imithi yabo njalo njengoba bayalelwe.
Ukungeneli kokuzalwa
Inkinga yomzimba, isimo noma isifo ingane ezalwa naso.
Ukusebenzisana kwemithi
Uma imithi emibili inathwa ngumuntu oyedwa kungaba lokusebenzelana phakathi kwayo okungadala ukuthi isebenze ngendlela ehlukile noma kube lemiphumela emibi eyengeziweyo.
Ukusetshenziswa kodlame kwabesifazane labesilisa (GBV)
Noma yisiphi isenzo sodlame esenziwa kumuntu ngamunye ngenxa yobulili bakhe. I-GBV isukela ebudlelwaneni obungalingani bamandla futhi ivame ukuthinta amantombazane labesifazane.
Ukushaya indlwabu
Ukuthinta izitho zakho zangasese (isitho sawesifazane noma sendoda ) ukuze uthole ubumnandi bocansi.
Ukusoka Kwezokwelapha Kokuzithandela (VMMC)
I-Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) yilapho owesilisa ekhetha ukukhipha ijwabu kusitho sakhe. I-VMMC inganciphisa kakhulu amathuba okuthola i-HIV ngesikhathi socansi lowesifazane.
Ukutheleleka ngokubambisana
Ukuba lezifo ezimbili ngesikhathi sinye. Njengkuthi, omunye angaba le-HIV kanye lesifo sofuba (TB).
Ukuthomba
Isigaba empilweni lapho ingane iqala ukukhula ngokomzimba ibe umuntu omdala njengoba umzimba wayo ushintsha ukuze ikwazi ukuthola abantwana.
Ukutshiswa kwamaseli
I-Chemotherapy iyindlela yokwelapha izifo kusetshenziswa imithi yamakhemikhali elamandla. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwelapha imvukuzane.
Ukuvimbela inzalo
Ukuvimbela inzalo kutsho ukuvikela ukukhulelwa, okufana lekhondomu noma iphilisi
Ukuya esikhathini/ esikhathini
Ukuphuma kwegazi esibelethweni sowesifazane. Kwenzeka ci ngenyanga kwabesifazane abangakhulelwanga.
Ukuzihlola
Ukuhlola i-HIV okulula okungenziwa ngumuntu ngokwakhe ngasese kunasesikhungweni sezempilo. Ngokuvamile idinga ukuswayipha umlomo noma isampula yegazi eliphuma ephinini lokuhlaba.
Ukwehluleka kokwelatshwa
Lapho inhlanganisela ethile yemithi ingakwazi ukulawula ukutheleleka komuntu nge-HIV. Ngokuvamile kungenzeka ukuthola inhlanganisela ehlukile yemithi ezosebenza.Â
Ukwelapha
Ukuqeda ngokuphelele izimpawu lezimbangela zokugula. Okwamanje awukho umuthi we-HIV.
Ukwelatshwa kokuvimbela i-TB (TPT)
Abanye abantu bangenwe yisifo sofuba (TB) kodwa bengelazo izimpawu; lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi latent TB. Abantu abaphila nge-HIV basengozini yokuba i-TB elatent iphenduke ibe yi-TB ephilayo futhi banganikezwa imithi yokuvimbela i-TB (TPT) ukunqanda lokhu.
Ukwelatshwa kwamaAntiretrovira (ART)
I-ART yiwukwelatshwa kwe-HIV – ngokuvamile yinhlanganisela yemithi emithathu noma ngaphezulu enciphisa inani le-HIV emzimbeni wakho, ikugcine uphilile.
Ukwelatshwa njengokuvimbela
Ukunamathela ekwelatshweni ngamaAntiretroviral kuthuthukisa impilo kodwa futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokudluliselwa kwe-HIV. Ukwelatshwa njengendlela yokuvimbela kutsho ukusetshenziswa kwamaARV ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okutsha kwe-HIV.
Ukwenza icala
Inqubo yokwenza into engekho emthethweni. Uhulumende angenza uhlobo oluthile lokuziphatha lube semthethweni. Isibonelo kwamanye amazwe ukuthengisa ngomzimba kuphambene nomthetho.
Ulwelwesi lwamafinyila
iMucous membrane-yisikhumba esincane esivala imucous ukuze ingawomi. Ivala izitho ezingaphakathi emzimbeni ezichayeka ngaphandle njengo mlomo, isitho sowesilisa slbuili, iAnus. Lezi zingqimba zindawo zibuthakathaka zezifo ezithathelwana ngocansi.
Umfutho wegazi ophezulu
I-Hypertension yisimo sezempilo lapho umuntu elomfutho wegazi ophezulu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kungalawulwa ngalokho okudlayo noma indlela ophila ngayo, noma ngemithi.
Umlomo wesibeletho
Umlomo wesibeletho usekungeneni kwesibeletho. Uhlala phezulu kwesitho sowesifazane, ngaphambili kwesibeletho.
Umphumela engakhangelelwanga
Imiphumela engahlosiwe yokuthatha imithi. Isibonelo, isidakamizwa esiphuzelwa i-HIV kwabanye singaba nomthelela ongemuhle wokubangela imizwa yokugula.
Umphumela wenhlolisiso otshengisa ukuthi igcikwane likhona
Umphumela ongaba khona we-HIV. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwesibili kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lowo muntu unayo yini i-HIV.
Umthamo wegciKwane
Inani legciwane egazini lomuntu inani le-HIV egazini lakhe. Inani legciwane egazini eliphansi libonisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwabo kusebenza kahle.
Umuntu onikeza imali ukuthi athole lokho akufunayo
Igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza indoda endala ebudlelwaneni lowesifazane omncane.
Umuthi ovela kumahebhu
Ukusetshenziswa kwezihlahla lezilinywa ukuzama ukuvikela noma ukwelapha ukugula. Imithi ye-herbal iza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene njengamaphilisi, kunathway noma okokugcoba. Akuyivimbeli noma ukwelapha i-HIV.
Umuthi wokuvikela
Umuthi wokuvimbela, ovame ukunikezwa ngomjovo, into enikezwa umuntu ukuze imvikele ekutholeni isifo. Awukho umgomo osebenzayo we-HIV okwamanje.
Uphawu
Noma yikuphi ukutshintsha emzimbeni noma emqondweni yakho okudalwa ngokugula.