Ukuphuza utshwala kakhulu  kungaba lemiphumela eminngi yesikhathi eside lesifitshane emzimbeni. Okunengi kwalokhu kubi kakhulu kubantu abale-HIV.

Olunye ucwayiso lubonise ukuthi ngemva kokuphuza inani elifanayo, abantu abale-HIV bazoba lamazinga aphezulu otshwala egazini kulabantu abangelayo i-HIV, ikakhulukazi nxa bengathathi izidambisigciwane. Lokhu kutsho ukuthi bazoyizwa imiphumela yotshwala kakhulu futhi badakwe ngokuphangisa. Ukudakwa kungaba yingozi esikhathini esifitshane, njengoba kwehlisa umbono wakho ngengozi futhi kukwenze ungabi lamandla okulawula umzimba wakho.

Ukuphuza  kungalimaza impilo yakho futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi utshwala bulimaza isibindi sakho. Olunye ucwayisiso luye lwabonisa ukuthi izibindi zabantu abane-HIV zilimala kalula ngenxa yotshwala. Nxa umuntu ole-HIV laye elesifo sehepatitis i - ukutheleleka okuvamile nge-HIV - lo monakalo ungaba mubi kakhulu, njengoba ukuba le-hepatitis kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu esibindini sakho.

Isibindi sakho sidlala indima eqakathekileyo ekucubunguleni imithi  yakho ye-antiretroviral, ngakho-ke kubantu abale-HIV kubaluleke kakhulu ukusigcina silempilakahle. Ukuba lesibindi esilimele kutsho ukuthi manengi amathuba okuba ube lemiphumela engaso mihle ekwelatshweni kwakho ngezidambisigcikwane.

Eminye imithi yegcikwane  ingabangela ukwanda kwamafutha egazini, okungaba kubi lakakhulu  nxa uphuza kakhulu. Ukuba lamafutha amanengi egazi kubeka umthwalo enhliziyweni yakho. Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yezifo zenhliziyo, okungaba kubi kakhulu.

'amaOpportunistic infection', yizifo noma izifo okungenzeka zihlasele abantu abalamasotsha omzimba abuthaka. Lokhu kuhlanganisela abantu abale-HIV abalezibalo ze-CD4 eziphansi. Kubantu abalamasotsha omzimba alungileyo, kulula ukulwa lalezi zifo, okwenza ukuthi zombili zibe mancane amathuba okuthi zenzeke futhi mancane amathuba okuthi zibe zimbi kakhulu.

Izifo ezingosomathuba zingahluka kusiya ngokuthi ukuphi, kodwa zivame ukuhlanganisa:

• I-Thrush (ebuye yaziwe ngokuthi i-candidiasis): lokhu yikutheleleka okubangelwa yiyeasyt. Kungathinta izindawo ezitshiyeneyo zomzimba, okuhlanganisa umlomo, isitho sowesifazane, isitho sabesilisa kanye lejwabu. Kuvame kakhulu, kodwa kungaqhubeka futhi kubi lakakhulu kubantu abale-HIV.
   
• Cryptococcal meningitis: lesi yisifo esihlasela ubuchopho lomgogodla. Kubangelwa yifungus  engahogela. Abantu abalamasotsha omzimba abuthakathaka abakwazi ukususa ukutheleleka ngokwabo. Imiphumela ingaba buhlungu kakhulu, ilimaze  futhi ibulale nxa ingelatshwanga.
   
• I-Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP): lolu luhlobo lokutheleleka kwamaphaphu olungavami ukutholakala kubantu abangelayo i-HIV. Kungathinta ezinye izindawo zomzimba okuhlanganisa amehlo, ijuba lesibindi. Ibangelwa yifungus  futhi ngokuvamile iba lezimpawu zokuphefumula ezinjengokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula kanzima kanye lokutshisa komzimba.
   

Nxa ule-HIV futhi uthatha imithi yakho ye-antiretroviral, mancane amathuba okuthi uthinteke ngezifo ezingosomathuba. Ukuzigcina ulempilo kanye lokuba lesibalo se-CD4 esiphezulu kuyisivikelo sakho esingcono kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo uzokwazi futhi ukunatha imithi yokuvimbela. Ukuthi lokhu kuyanconywa yini kuya ngesibalo sakho se-CD4.

Ukubhema kuyingozi empilweni yawo wonke umuntu kodwa imiphumela ingaba mibi kakhulu kubantu abale-HIV. Olunye ucwayisiso lwabonisa ukuthi abantu abale-HIV balamathuba aphindwe kabili okufa ngenxa yokubhema nxa kuqhathaniswa labantu abangelayo i-HIV.

Ugwayi luqukethe izinto ezenza igazi lishube. Lokhu kwandisa ingozi yokuthola amaclots egazi futhi kungafaka ukucindezeleka enhliziyweni yakho. Umfutho owengeziwe enhliziyweni ungayenza ube lamathuba amanengi  okuba ube lesifo senhliziyo, abantu abale-HIV asebevele babhekane lezingozi ezinkulu zaso. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yemiphumela ye-HIV ngokwayo futhi kungaba umphumela weinye imithi yezidambisigciwane, eminye yayo engayengeza izinga lamafutha egazini.

Ukubhema kungandisa ingozi yokuba  lemihlobo etshiyeneyo yemvukuzane, ikakhulukazi imvukuzane yamaphaphu. Kubantu abale-HIV, ingozi  yemvukuzane ivele iphezulu. Nxa ufuna ukuzama ukuyekela ukubhema, khuluma lesisebenzi sezempilakahle ukuze uthole iseluleko.